Glossary
Peptide research concepts
Clear, scalable profiles on compounds, studied mechanisms, quality and RUO handling.
Regeneration
BPC-157
Synthetic pentadecapeptide studied in preclinical models of signaling and tissue repair.
Read definition →Regeneration
TB-500
Synthetic fragment related to thymosin beta-4, researched for its interaction with actin and cell migration.
Read definition →Experimental dermatology
GHK-Cu
Copper-binding tripeptide studied in extracellular matrix, skin signaling and cellular response.
Read definition →GH axis
Ipamorelin
Selective pentapeptide secretagogue researched for its interaction with the ghrelin receptor.
Read definition →Metabolic
Semaglutide
Long-acting GLP-1 analog used in metabolic and incretin signaling research.
Read definition →Metabolic
Retatrutide
Experimental triple agonist of GLP-1, GIP and glucagon receptors studied in metabolic models.
Read definition →Longevity
Epithalon
Synthetic tetrapeptide researched in models of cellular aging, telomeres and biological rhythms.
Read definition →Mitochondrial
MOTS-c
Peptide encoded by mitochondrial DNA, studied for its relationship with AMPK and energy homeostasis.
Read definition →GH axis
CJC-1295
Synthetic GHRH analog designed to study signal duration and growth hormone release.
Read definition →Cognitive
Selank
Synthetic heptapeptide researched in neurobiological models related to GABAergic signaling.
Read definition →Analysis
HPLC
High-performance liquid chromatography used to separate and quantify sample components.
Read definition →Quality
Certificate of Analysis (COA)
Document with identity, purity, batch and analytical results of a material.
Read definition →Analysis
ESI-MS
Electrospray ionization mass spectrometry for confirming molecular mass.
Read definition →Synthesis
SPPS
Solid-phase peptide synthesis, an iterative method for assembling amino acids.
Read definition →Synthesis
Fmoc
Temporary protecting group used during solid-phase peptide synthesis.
Read definition →Analysis
Chromatogram
Representation of component separation and signals during chromatography.
Read definition →Laboratory
Lyophilization
Freeze-drying and sublimation process used to stabilize samples.
Read definition →Quality
Peptide purity
Proportion of the target component relative to detectable impurities.
Read definition →Analysis
Molecular mass
Calculated or experimental mass of a molecule, useful for confirming identity.
Read definition →Regulation
Research Use Only (RUO)
Classification for materials intended exclusively for scientific research.
Read definition →Metabolic
GLP-1
Incretin studied for its role in metabolic signaling and postprandial response.
Read definition →Metabolic
GIP
Glucose-dependent insulinotropic peptide researched in incretin physiology.
Read definition →GH axis
GHRH
Growth hormone-releasing hormone that activates pituitary receptors.
Read definition →GH axis
Ghrelin
Endogenous peptide and ligand of the GHS-R1a receptor.
Read definition →GH axis
Tesamorelin
Stabilized GHRH analog used in somatotropic axis research.
Read definition →GH axis
Sermorelin
Bioactive fragment of GHRH composed of 29 amino acids.
Read definition →Cognitive
Semax
Peptide analog researched in neurotrophic signaling and cognitive models.
Read definition →Mitochondrial
NAD+
Redox coenzyme fundamental in bioenergetics and cellular metabolism.
Read definition →Immunology
KPV
Alpha-MSH-derived tripeptide researched in inflammatory signaling models.
Read definition →Experimental dermatology
AHK-Cu
Copper-peptide complex studied in follicular and skin signaling.
Read definition →Experimental dermatology
Melanotan-1
Alpha-MSH analog researched at melanocortin receptors.
Read definition →Experimental dermatology
Melanotan-2
Cyclic peptide melanocortin receptor agonist in preclinical studies.
Read definition →Neuroendocrinology
Oxytocin
Neurohormonal nonapeptide studied in signaling and physiological responses.
Read definition →Laboratory
Bacteriostatic water
Sterile diluent with preservative used in technical sample preparation.
Read definition →Laboratory
Reconstitution
Controlled addition of a solvent to a lyophilized material.
Read definition →Quality
Traceability
Ability to relate material, batch, analysis and logistical movement.
Read definition →Quality
Traceability
Ability to relate material, batch, analysis and logistical movement.
Read definition →Quality
Batch number
Unique identifier of a production or packaging run.
Read definition →Experimental design
Negative control
Experimental condition without the evaluated factor to establish a baseline.
Read definition →Experimental design
Positive control
Condition with a known response used to validate an assay.
Read definition →Laboratory
Molar concentration
Amount of substance expressed in moles per unit volume.
Read definition →Physicochemistry
Solubility
Ability of a compound to form a solution under defined conditions.
Read definition →Quality
Peptide stability
Preservation of identity, purity and analytical activity over time.
Read definition →Physicochemistry
Peptide degradation
Chemical or physical transformation that reduces molecular integrity.
Read definition →Physicochemistry
Oxidation
Chemical modification that may affect certain amino-acid residues.
Read definition →Physicochemistry
Deamidation
Spontaneous conversion of asparagine or glutamine residues.
Read definition →Experimental pharmacology
Half-life
Time required for a magnitude or concentration to decrease by half.
Read definition →Experimental pharmacology
Agonist
Ligand that activates a receptor and triggers a measurable response.
Read definition →Experimental pharmacology
Antagonist
Ligand that reduces or blocks receptor activation.
Read definition →Molecular biology
Receptor
Macromolecule that recognizes ligands and transduces cellular signals.
Read definition →